北京新航道学校 李传伟
第十二天:大小写作 得分多多---小作文语言
格式以外,小作文的语言也很重要。除了一般作文的要求,如没有语法错误、用词丰富、句子结构有变化以外,小作文还有特殊的要求,如文体方面与交际方面的要求。下面以前一天的范文为例剖析这几点。
Dear Mr. Wang,
I am writing to inform you about my decision to resign from my current position. There are a few factors involved that I find intolerable.
First of all, the salary has proven to be much lower than you originally promised, and I have a large family to support. In addition, the office is located in the downtown area, yet I live in the suburbs, so it is exhausting for me to spend over three hours commuting every day. Most importantly, I feel rather disappointed and left out on the job itself, as in the past two months I was never given any really important responsibility.
I sincerely hope that you approve of my resignation. I am sorry for any inconvenience caused.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
一、遣词造句
首先,本文用词准确。例如,current position中的current,(spend over three hours) commuting中的commuting,(any really important) responsibility中的responsibility。其次,句型多变。有并列句,如第二段首句。还有较多的复合句,包含主句与从句,如第二段的第二句与第三句。当然,衔接手段也很丰富,具体内容会在明天的总结中谈到。
二、文体规范
所谓文体,就是考研大纲中所说的语域问题。小作文主要考查两类文体,即正式文体与非正式文体。写给团体或机构的书信一般使用正式语言,即不用缩略语和口语用法。非正式文体主要涉及写给朋友的书信,可以使用缩略语和口语用法。上面的信是写给团体负责人的,所以用语正式。
三、交际原则
所谓交际原则,就是要针对不同场合使用不同语言,使交流得以进行。落实到小作文的书信,就是要恰当地使用礼貌语言。上面文中的末句就体现了这一原则。不同的应用文有不同的用语,考生应该加以熟悉和背诵,使考试时能运用自如。针对不同应用文的具体套话,可以登录新航道网站www.newchannel.org上的考研论坛下载。