2014年医学考研英语二真题及答案完整版
SectionI Use of English
Directions:
Read thefollowing text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
Thinner isn’t alwaysbetter. A number of studies have __1___ that normal-weight people are in factat higher risk of some diseases compared to those who are overweight. And thereare health conditions for which being overweight is actually ___2___. Forexample, heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thinwomen. ___3___ among the elderly, being somewhat overweight is often an ___4___of good health.
Of even greater___5___ is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define. Itis often defined ___6___ body mass index, or BMI. BMI ___7__ body mass dividedby the square of height. An adult with a BMI of 18 to 25 is often considered tobe normal weight. Between 25 and 30 is overweight. And over 30 is consideredobese. Obesity, ___8___,can be divided into moderately obese, severely obese,and very severely obese.
While such numericalstandards seem 9 , they are not. Obesity is probably lessa matter of weight than body fat. Some people with a high BMI are in factextremely fit, 10 others with a low BMI may be in poor 11 .For example, manycollegiate and professional football players 12 as obese, though theirpercentage body fat is low. Conversely, someone with a small frame may havehigh body fat but a 13 BMI.
Today we have a(an)_14 _ to label obesity as a disgrace. The overweight are sometimes_15_in themedia with their faces covered. Stereotypes _16_ with obesity include laziness,lack of will power, and lower prospects for success. Teachers, employers, andhealth professionals have been shown to harbor biases against the obese. _17_veryyoung children tend to look down on the overweight, and teasing about bodybuild has long been a problem in schools.
Negative attitudes toward obesity, ___18___ in health concerns, have stimulated a numberof anti-obesity ___19___. My own hospital system has banned sugary drinks fromits facilities.Many employers have instituted weight loss and fitnessinitiatives. Michelle Obama has launched a high-visibility campaign__20___ childhood obesity, even claiming that itrepresents our greatest national security threat.
| 1. | A. denied | B. concluded | C. doubled | D. ensured |
| 2. | A. protective | B. dangerous | C. sufficient | D. troublesome |
| 3. | A. Instead | B. However | C. Likewise | D. Therefore |
| 4. | A. indicator | B. objective | C. origin | D. example |
| 5. | A. impact | B. relevance | C. assistance | D. concern |
| 6. | A. in terms of | B. in case of | C. in favor of | D. in of |
| 7. | A. measures | B. determines | C. equals | D. modifies |
| 8. | A. in essence | B. in contrast | C. in turn | D. in part |
| 9. | A. complicated | B. conservative | C. variable | D. straightforward |
| 10. | A. so | B. while | C. since | D. unless |
| 11. | A. shape | B. spirit | C. balance | D. taste |
| 12. | A. start | B. quality | C. retire | D. stay |
| 13. | A. strange | B. changeable | C. normal | D. constant |
| 14. | A. option | B. reason | C. opportunity | D. tendency |
| 15. | A. employed | B. pictured | C. imitated | D. monitored |
| 16. | A. compared | B. combined | C. settled | D. associated |
| 17. | A. Even | B. Still | C. Yet | D. Only |
| 18. | A. despised | B. corrected | C. ignored | D. grounded |
| 19. | A. discussions | B. businesses | C. policies | D. studies |
| 20. | A. for | B. against | C. with |
D. without |
Section II Reading Comprehension
PartA
Directions:
Readthe following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET医学全.在.线.提供. www.lindalemus.com. (40 points)
Text 1
What would you do with590m? This is now a question for Gloria Mackenzie, an 84-year-old widow whorecently emerged from her small, tin-roofed house in Florida to collect thebiggest undivided lottery jackpot in history. If she hopes her new-found fortune will yield lasting feelings of fulfillment, she could do worse than readHappy Money by Elizabeth Dumn and Michael Norton.
These two academicsuse an array of behavioral research to show that the most rewarding ways tospend money can be counterintuitive. Fantasies of great wealth often involvevisions of fancy cars and extravagant homes. Yet satisfaction with thesematerial purchases wears off fairly quickly what was once exciting and newbecomes old-hat; regret creeps in. It is far better to spend money onexperiences, say Ms Dumn and Mr Norton, like interesting trips, unique meals oreven going to the cinema. These purchases often become more valuable withtime-as stories or memories-particularly if they involve feeling more connectedto others.
This slim volume ispacked with tips to help wage slaves as well as lottery winners get the most"happiness bang for your buck." It seems most people would be betteroff if they could shorten their commutes to work, spend more time with friendsand family and less of it watching television (something the average Americanspends a whopping two months a year doing, and is hardly jollier for it).Buyinggifts or giving to charity is often more pleasurable than purchasing things foroneself, and luxuries are most enjoyable when they are consumed sparingly. Thisis apparently the reason MacDonald's restricts the availability of its popularMcRib - a marketing trick that has turned the pork sandwich into an object ofobsession.
Readers of “Happy Money”are clearly a privileged lot, anxious about fulfillment, not hunger. Money maynot quite buy happiness, but people in wealthier countries are generallyhappier than those in poor ones. Yet the link between feeling good and spendingmoney on others can be seen among rich and poor people around the world, andscarcity enhances the pleasure of most things for most people. Not everyonewill agree with the authors’ policy ideas, which range from mandating moreholiday time to reducing tax incentives for American homebuyers. But mostpeople will come away from this book believing it was money well spent.
21. According to Dumn and Norton,which of the following is the most rewarding purchase?
[A]Abig house [B]Aspecial tour [C]A stylish car [D]A rich meal
22. Theauthor’s attitude toward Americans’ watching TV is________.
[A]critical [B]supportive [C]sympathetic [D]ambiguous
23. Macrib ismentioned in paragraph 3 to show that_______.
[A]consumersare sometimes irrational
[B]popularityusually comes after quality
[C]marketingtricks are after effective
[D]rarity generally increasespleasure
24. Accordingto the last paragraph, Happy Money_______.
[A]hasleft much room for readers’criticism
[B]may prove to be aworthwhile purchase
[C]haspredicted a wider income gap in the us
[D]maygive its readers a sense of achievement
25. This textmainly discusses how to______.
[A]balance feeling good andspending money
[B]spendlarge sums of money won in lotteries
[C]obtainlasting satisfaction from money spent
[D]becomemore reasonable in spending on luxuries
