生物体表现出的各种特性,主要是由基因的差异表达引起的,这种表达的变化是调控细胞生命活动过程的核心机制,通过比较同一类细胞在不同生理条件下或在不同生长发育阶段的基因表达差异,可为分析生命活动过程提供重要信息。在研究WP3在不同盐浓度,温度中的基因差异表达时,它的全基因组测序工作还正在进行之中,当时在对WP3基因组序列了解不多的情况下选用了原核生物特异的差异显示研究方法——RNA随机引物PCR(RAP_PCR)[6_7]。与文献报道一样[8],本实验结果显示,测序胶电泳后出现差别条带太多,假阳性率高达70%左右,重复性差,且对高丰度的RNA具很强的倾向性。在有差异的显示片段中难以知道哪些基因是已知的,哪些是未知的。本次实验得到的有差异的扩增条带短(110~450bp)。如何有效的从备选的差异片段中进一步验证真正差异表达的基因是很重要的。作者分别用3种方法验证了从变性长胶聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳得到的片段,结果表明,RT_PCR灵敏性最强,RNA点杂交需要的RNA量最大,荧光实时定量PCR精确性最高。因此,在实验条件允许下,用荧光实时定量PCR对较少片段的验证较好,此法需要的RNA样品少,基因差异表达的变化可以量化。
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