RBP 是由肝脏合成的一种低分子量蛋白,广泛存在于人体血清、脑脊液及其他体液中。血液中RBP主要以视黄醇、前白蛋白结合复合物形式存在,当复合物中视黄醇与 靶细胞结合后,RBP便与前白蛋白分离,自肾小球滤出,几乎完全由近端肾小管上皮细胞吸收、降解,肾脏滤过功能受损害时,RBP浓度水平会显著升高。本研 究表明在化疗前,RBP水平与对照组无明显差异,化疗后,RBP水平明显升高,与化疗前和对照组相比差异有统计学意义。RBP水平变化早于BUN、Cr, 且RBP水平变化与eGFR呈明显负相关,表明RBP水平可敏感地反映肾脏的损害程度,可作为监测病程、指导治疗和判断预后的一项灵敏的、稳定可靠的生化 指标[10]。同时本研究也发现,在第二周期化疗后,RBP升高并不显著,与第一周期相比差异无统计学意义。原因可能为RBP主要由肝细胞粗面内质网合 成,体内90%的RBP与视黄醇结合,称为holo-RBP,85%的holo-RBP与前白蛋白(PA)结合,形成大分子物质,不能被肾小球虑过,而剩 下的15%可自由通过肾小球,正常情况下能被肾小管重吸收。当肾功能受损时,肾小管不能重吸收holo-RBP,导致血清RBP下降。
综上所述,在化疗过程中实时检测肿瘤患者血清的CysC、RBP,尤其CysC的检测,可有效对肿瘤患者进行化疗时所造成的早期肾损伤进行监测,在指导化疗用药、防止化疗所致肾损害的进一步发展和早期治疗方面有着非常重要的应用价值。
参考文献 医.学全.在.线网站www.lindalemus.com
[1] Conti M, Moutereau S, Zater M, et al. Urinary cystatin C as a specific marker of tubular dysfunction[J].Clin Chem Lab Med, 2006, 44(12): 288-291.
[2] Babooled K,Meyer T M.The effecf of aaite angiotrnsim Ⅱ. Blockade on renal function in rats with reduced renal mass[J].Kidney Int,2002, 46 (4):980-985.
[3] Kintzel P E.Anticancer drug-induced kidney disorders:Incidence,prevention and management[J]. Drug Saf,2001,24(4):19-38.
[4] Tanaka A, Suemaru K, Otsuka T, et al. Estimation of the initial dose setting of vancomycin therapy with use of cystatin C as a new marker of renal function[J].Ther Drug Monit,2007,29(2):261-264.
[5] 陶琳,刘冰,邵凤民.慢性肾脏病患者血清胱抑素C 测定临床观察及意义[J].中华实用诊断与治疗杂志,2010,24(9):862-864.
[6] Tanaka A, Suemaru K, Araki H .A new app roach f or evaluating renal function and its practical application[J].J Pharmacol Sci, 2007,105(1):1-5.
[7] Mendiluce A,Bustamante J,Martin D,et al.Cystatin C as a marker of renal Function in kidney transplant patients[J].Transplant Proe,2005,37(9):3844-3847.
[8] Herget-Rosenthal S, Marggrat G, Husing J,et a1.Early detection of acute renal failure by serum cystatin C[J].Kidney Int,2004, 66(3):1115-1122.
[9] Ahlstrom A,Tallgren M,Peltonen S,et a1.Evaluation and predictive power of serum cystatin C in acute renal failure[J].Clin Nephro1,2004,62(5):344-350.
[10] Chantrel F,Agin A,Offner M,et al.Comparison of cystatin c versus creatinine for detection of mild renal failure[J].Clin Nephrol,2000,54(5):374-381.