第二部分 阅读理解
一、阅读题解法
阅读理解部分去年新增设“选择搭配题”，即在一篇总长500-600词的文章中有5段空白，文章后有6-7段文字，要求考生根据文章内容从这6-7段文字中选择能分别放进文章中5个空白处的5段，使原文上下文语义连贯、逻辑通顺。今年大纲中又增添了3种类似的题型以供选择，在真正的考试中只采用这四种题型中的一种，仍然是每题2分，共10分。由于考生对于新题型的陌生，缺乏符合新题型的阅读材料，使得这一部分的复习难度加大。为了解决这个问题，下面对大纲中提供的原题型进行分析，希望能够帮助考生熟悉题型，在考试中避免由于不熟悉题型而丢分的现象。由于样题1去年已经考过，该题型的涉及范围也很广了，所以在此不多说，直接从样题2开始。
Sample 2
Directions:
The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order.For questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list A-G to fill in each numbered box. The first and the last paragrphs have been placed for you in Boxes. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1. (10 points)
［A］“I just don’t know how to motivate them to do a better job. We’re in a budget cruch and I have absolutely no financial rewards at my disposal. In fact, we’ll probably have to lay some people off in the near future. It’s hard for me to make the job interesting and challenging because it isn’t —it’s boring, routine paperwork, and there isn’t much you can do about it.”
［B］“Finally, I can’t say to them that their promotions will hinge on the excellence of their paperwork. First of all, they know it’s not true. If their performance is adequate, most are more likely to get promoted just by staying on the force a certain number of years than for some specific outstanding act. Second, they were trained to do the job they do out in the streets, not to fill out forms. All through their carrer it is the arrests and interventions that get noticed. ”
［C］“I’ve got a real problem with my officers. They come on the force as young, inexperienced men, and we send them out on the street, either in cars or on a beat. They seem to like the contact they have with the public, the action involved in crime prevention, and the apprehension of criminals. They also like helping people out at fires, accidents, and other emergencies.”
［D］“some people have suggested a number of thinglike using conviction records as a performance reiterion. However, we know that’s not fair-too many wther things are involved. Bad paperwork increases the chance that you lose in court, but good paperwork does’t necessary mean you you’ll win. We tried setting up team competitions based on the excellence of the reports, but the guys caught on to that pretty quickly. No one was getting any type of reward for winning the competition, and they figured why should they labor when there was no payoff.”
［E］“the problem occurs when they get back to the station. They hate to do the paperwork, and because they dislike it, the job is frequently put off or done inadequately. This lack of attention hurts us later on when we get to court. We need clear, factual reports. They must be highly detailed and unambiguous. As soon as one part of a report is shown to be inadequate or incorrect, the rest of the report is suspect. Poor reporting probably causes us to lose more cases than any other factor. ”
［F］“So I just don’t know what to do. I’ve been groping in the dark in a number of years. And I hope that this seminar will shed some light on this problem of mine and help me out in my future work.”
［G］A large metropolitan city government was putting on a number of seminars for administrators, managers and /or executives of various to be discussed was motivation-how we can get public servants motivated to do a good job. The difficulty of a police captain became the central focus of the discussion.
Order:
G→
41→
42→
43→
44→
45→
F
分析：
该题型是由一篇完整的文章构成，但是被分解为7个部分，其中开始和结尾部分已经给出，所以在做此题时，首先要注意出题者已经提供的开始和结尾部分，开始段落经常会提供材料的内容方向，所以为了节省时间，考生在考场上要首先阅读该选项以获得信息的最大化。第一个选项经常是提出问题，或者对问题的进一步阐述，那么不同的段落之间具有一定的逻辑关系，所以考生需要对五个段落开头以及结尾部分特别注意。例如，在该题中，很明显C时提出问题，E项则是对该问题的进一步完善，接着说出作者的疑问即A项。本套试卷后面部分提供了多套练习题，包括对科技新闻的报道以帮助考生熟悉多种文体的逻辑关系。正确答案为：CEABD
Sample 3
Directions:
You are going to read a text about the tips on resume writing, followed by a list of examples. Choose the best example from the list A-F for each numbered subheading (41-45). There is one extra example which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
The main purpose of a resume is to convince an employer to grant you an interview. There are two kinds. One is the familiar “tombstone”that lists where you went to school and where you’ve worked in chronological order. The other is what I call the “functional”resume-descriptive, fun to read, unique to you and much more likely to land you an interview.
It’s handy to have a “tombstone”for certain occasions. But prospective employers throw away most of those un-requested “tombstone”lists, preferring to interview the quick rather than the dead.
What follows are tips on writing a functional resume that will get read—a resume that makes you come alive and look interesting to employers
(41) Put yourself first:
In order to write a resume others will read with enthusiasm, you have to feel important about yourself.
(42) Sell what youcan do, not who you are:
Practice translating your personality traits, character, accomplishments and achievements into skill areas. There are at least five thousand skill areas in the world of work.
Toot your own horn!
Many prople cluch when asked to think about their abilities. Some think they have none at all! But everyone does, and one of yours may just be the ticket an employer would be glad to punch-if only you show it.
(43) Be specific, be concrete, and be brief!
Remember that “brevity is the best policy.”
(44) Turn bad news into good:
Everybody has had disappointments in work. If you have to mention yours, look for the positive side.
(45) Never apologize:
if you’ve returning to the work force after fifteen years as a parent, simply write a short paragraph(summary of background) in place of a chronology of experience. Don’t apologize for working at being a mother;it’s the hardest job of all. If you have no higher education, just don’t mention education.
The secret is to think about the self before you start writing about yourself. Take four or five hours off, not necessarily consecutive, and simply write down every accomplishment in your life, on or off the fob, that made you feel effective. Don’t worry at first about what it all means. Study the list and try to spot patterns. As you study your list, once you discover pattern, give names to your cluster of accomplishments (leadership skills, budget management skills, child development skills etc.) Try to list at least three accomplishments under the same heading. Now start writing your resume as if you mattered. It may take four drafts or more, and several weeks, before you’re ready to show it to a stranger (friends are usually too kind) for a reaction. when you’re satisfied, send it to a printer; a printed resume is far superior to photocopies. It shows an employer that you regard job hunting as serious work, worth dong right.
Isn’t that the kind of person you’d want working for you?
［A］A women who lost her job as a teacher’s aide due to a cutback in government funding wrote: “Principal of elementary school cited me as the only teacher’s aide she would rehire if government funds became available.”
［B］One resume I received included the following: “Invited by my superior to straighten out our organization’s accounts receivable. Set up orderly repayment schedule, reconciled accounts weekly, and improved cash flow 100 percent. Rewarded with raise and promotion.”notice how this women focuses on results, specifies how she accomplished them, and mentions her reward-all in 34 words.
［C］For example, if you have a flair for saving, managing and investing money, you have money skills.
［D］An acquaintance complained of being biased when losing an opportunity due to the statement “Ready to learn though not so well educated”.
［E］One of my former colleagues, for example, wrote three resumes in three different syles in order to find out which was more preferred. The result is, of course, the one that highlights skills and education background.
［F］A woman once told me about a cash-flow crosos her employer had faced. She’d agreed to work without pay for three months until business improved. Her reward was her back pay plus a 20 percent bonus. I asked why that marvelous story wasn’t in her resume. She answered, “It wasn’t important.” What she was really saying of course was “I’m not important.”
分析：
本题型是首先给出了文章的意图，给出了5个建议，然后考生根据这5个建议选择合适的例子给与支持。但是出题者提供了6个例子，需要考生进行筛选。本题型与上种题型所需要的技巧是不一样的，本题5个部分之间是没有必要联系的，可以说在某种程度上是独立的，所以考生应该先做自己有把握的，容易的。例如，在本题中第44题和第45题，都比较简单，可以马上识别是A和D, 然后再筛选做前3个。正确答案为：FCBAD
