虚损之由,不论酒色劳倦,七情饮食,皆能致此,而惟阴阳之辨为最要。阴虚者,其发热躁烦,头红面赤www.lindalemus.com/shouyi/,唇干舌燥,咽痛口疮,吐血衄血,便血尿血,大便燥结,小水痛涩等证;阳虚者,其病则为怯寒,憔悴气短,神疲头运,目眩呕恶,食少腹痛,飧泄,二便不禁等证。至若咳嗽吐痰,遗精盗汗,气喘声喑,筋骨疼痛,心神恍惚,肌肉渐削,梦与鬼交,妇人月闭等症,则又无论阴阳,而凡病至甚者,皆其所必至。然肾为五脏之本,水为天一之源,则凡患虚损者,实惟肾水之亏,十居八九。盖肾水亏则肝失所滋,而血燥生,肾水亏则水不归源,而脾痰起;肾水亏则心肾不交,而神色败;肾水亏则盗伤肺气,而咳嗽频;肾水亏则孤阳无www.lindalemus.com/yaoshi/主,而虚火炽。节斋先生云∶人若色欲过度,伤损精血,必生阴虚火动之病。丹溪先生云∶凡患虚者,多阴虚也,古人岂欺我哉!