Assisting a Client to the Sitting Position

协助病人坐起

A partially immobilized or weak client will require nursing assistance to sit up in bed. The nurse can help such a client attain the sitting position while maintaining proper body alignment for herself and the client, Correct positioning techniques will reduce the risk of musculoskeletal injury to all persons involved.

局部活动受限或体弱病人在床上坐起时需要护理协助。护士可以帮助病人坐起，并保持自身及病人身体的正直。正确的体位操作手法可减少所有参与者肌肉骨骼的损伤危险。

POTENTIAL NURSING DIAGNOSES

可能的护理诊断

Client data derived during the assessment reveal defining characteristics to support the following nursing diagnoses in clients requiting this skill:

• Impaired physical mobility
• Activity intolerance
• Impaired skin integrity

病人评估资料显示，病人的一些明显特征支持对需要本技术的病人所作的下列护理诊断：

• 身体移动障碍
• 活动不耐受
• 皮肤完整性受损

STEPS

步骤

1. Wash your hands and, if appropriate, don gloves.

1、洗手，必要时带上手套。

2. Put the bed in flat position with wheels on the bed locked.

2、将床放平，锁住轮子。

3. Place the client in a supine position.

3、病人处仰卧位。

4. Remove all pillows.

4、拿开所有枕头。

5. Face the head of the bed.

5、面向床头。

6. Place your feet apart with the foot nearer the bed behind the other foot.

6、双脚开立，一腿靠床在前，另一腿稍后。 医学 全在.线提供

7. Ask the client to flex his knees, if possible, bringing his feet as close to his buttocks as possible.

7、可能时要求病人屈膝，将脚尽量靠近臀部。

8. Instruct the client to flex his neck, tilting his chin toward his chest.

8、让病人低头，下巴靠近胸部。

9. Instruct the client to assist in moving by using the trapeze bar if available or by pushing on the bed surface.

9、让病人利用可用的横杆或按在床面上帮助移动。

10. If the client has limited upper-extremity strength or mobility, place his arms across his chest.

10、如病人上肢有一点力量或有限活动力，将其双臂交叉放于胸前。

11. Flex your knees and hops, bringing your forearms closer to the level of the bed.

11、屈膝下腰，前臂靠近床面。

12. Place your arm close to the head of the bed under the client’s shoulder and your other arm under his client’s thighs.

12、护士靠近床头一手放于病人肩下，另一手置于股下。

13. Instruct the client to push with his heels and elevate his trunk while breathing out, then to move toward the head of the bed on count of 3.

13、嘱病人脚跟撑床，抬起躯干，呼气，数到3时向床头移动。

14. On count of 3, rock and shift your weight from your back leg to your front leg. At the same time, the client pushes with his heels and elevates his trunk.

14、数到3时，摆动身子，将你的体重从后腿移向前腿。同时，病人脚跟撑床抬起躯干。

15. Remove gloves and wash your hands.

15、脱去手套，洗手。

16. Record the client's new position in nurse's notes.

16、将病人新体位记录在护理记录上。

CONSIDERATIONS

注意事项：

The nurse must avoid dragging a client up in bed. Dragging against the bed linen causes shearing force. In addition, she should carefully observe the client for signs of development of postural hypotension (e.g., dizziness, fainting).

护士必须避免在床上拖拉病人，在床单上拖拉会产生剪力。此外，护士还应仔细观察病人有无出现体位性低血压体症（如头晕、昏厥)。

CLIENT TEACHING

病人教育：

This skill provides an opportunity for the client and family to learn appropriate body alignment for the sitting position

本技能为护士教育病人和家人，使其了解坐位的正确姿势提供了机会。