可待因1.《植物药有效成分手册》人民卫生出版社1986

Morphinan-6-ol,8-didehydro-4,5-epoxy-3-methoxy-17-methyl-,(5α,6α)-

Codeine

Methylmorphine,Codicept,Morphine monomethyl ether,Morphine3-methyl ether

299.36

一水合物,为斜方半面棒条状结晶或平片状结晶(水或稀乙醇)。熔点154～156°(80°干燥后),d20/41.32。[α]15/D-136°(c=2,乙醇);[α]15/D-112°(c=2,氯仿)。IR λmax cm\-1:3400,3010,2930,2800,1650,1610,1510,1460,1390,1320,1280,1250,1110,1050,980,930,820,800,760,720,680;UV λH2Omax nm(ε):28(1585);MSm/e (%):299(100),229(26),300(21),298(13),214(12),282(10),242(9),230(8);NMR(CHCl3):3.40(1,2-H),6.16(3-Ome),5.15(5β-H,J6β-6.4),5.84(β,6-H),4.29(7-H,J-9.6),4.74(8-H,J-9.6),6.63(9α-H,J14-3.2,J10α-5.6),6.92(10β-H,J10α-18.4),7.56(N-Me),13CNMR(CDCl3)δ:119.3(c-1),112.8(c-2),142.0(c-3),146.2(c-4),91.3(c-5),66.4(c-6),133.2(c-7),128.1(c-8),58.7(c-9),20.4(c-10),127.0(c-11),130.9(c-12),43.0(c-13),40.7(c-14),35.8(c-15),46.4(c-16),43.0(Nme),56.2(3-Ome)。

具有镇痛作用,弱于吗啡,但远比解热镇痛药强。不产生睡眠,欣快症与成瘾性较低,便秘与抑制呼吸的作用亦较吗啡轻。用于不适于或禁用吗啡的场合,亦可与解热镇痛药并用而增加其镇痛作用。有强大的镇咳作用,最常用作镇咳药。

防己科植物金线吊乌龟 Stephania cepharantha Hayata 块根 罂粟科植物罂粟 Papaver somniferum L.果实、种子、壳 大红罂粟 P.bracteatum L.。

1.《植物药有效成分手册》人民卫生出版社1986

C18H21NO3