（7)淋巴结[Lymph nodes]
•触诊耳前淋巴结：双侧耳前区
•触诊耳后淋巴结：双侧耳后区
•触诊枕后淋巴结：枕外隆凸下方
•触诊下颌下淋巴结：屈曲手指于下颌骨内侧触诊
•触诊颏下淋巴结：屈曲手指于颏下中线处触诊
•触诊颈前淋巴结浅组：位于乳突下，胸锁乳肌前缘浅表处
•触诊颈后淋巴结：位于胸锁乳突肌后缘浅表处
•触诊锁骨上淋巴结：屈曲手指在锁骨与胸锁乳突肌之间的交角处触诊
•Palpate preauricular nodes (front of ears)
•Palpate post-auricular nodes (back of ears)
•Palpate occipital nodes (base of skull)
•Palpate submaxillary nodes (by bending finger under patient`s jaw)
•Palpate submental nodes (by bending finger under patient`s chin)
• Palpate anterior cervical nodes (superficial group under mastoid and the front of sternomastoid muscle)
•Palpate posterior cervical nodes (behind sternomastoid muscle)
•Palpate supraclavicular nodes (by bending finger above patient`s collarbone)
（8)甲状腺[Thyroid gland]
•用双指触摸甲状软骨，检查其移动度及有无疼痛
•用双手从患者前面或后面在正确部位触诊甲状腺
•触摸甲状腺狭部、配合吞咽动作
•触摸甲状腺侧叶、配合吞咽动作
•Palpate and/or move thyroid cartilage with two fingers checking for malformation and movability
•Palpate thyroid in correct anatomical location in front of or behind the patient with both hands
•Palpate isthmus of thyroid with and without swallowing
•Palpate thyroid gland(lobes) with and without swallowing
（9)颈动脉、气管[Carotid Artery and Trachea]
•触诊颈动脉
•检查气管位置
•Gently palpate carotid artery(bilaterally)
•Palpate the position of trachea
（10)颈椎运动[Movement of Cervical Spine]
•屈曲
•后伸
•侧弯（耳—肩运动)
•旋转（颏—肩运动)
•嘱受检者对抗阻力作头部旋转或耸肩以检查第Ⅺ对颅神经功能
•Flexion (actively, if possible; if abnormal, do passively)
•Extension (actively, if possible; if abnormal, do passively)
•Lateral bending [ear-to-shoulder]; (actively, if possible; if abnormal, do passively)
•Rotation (chin-to-shoulder), (actively, if possible; if abnormal, do passively)
•Test rotation of patient`s head against resistance or check resistance of shrugged shoulders (cr n XI)
3、上肢[UPPER LIMBS]
•正确暴露上肢
•Expose upper limbs
（1)手[Hands]
•观察手掌、手背，触诊双手各关节
•检查双手及指甲，有无紫绀和杵状指
•伸展手指
•弯曲近指间和远指间关节呈爪状
•握拳医学 全在.线提供
•拇指对掌运动
•检查远端肌力
•Inspect dorsa and palms and palpate all joints of hand
•Check fingernails for clubbing or cyanosis
•Ask patient to extend fingers
•Ask patient to make a claw
•Ask patient to make a fist
•Check patient`s ability to perform thumb opposition
•Check for distal muscle strength
（2)腕[Wrist]
•触诊双手腕有无肿块、水肿、畸形和压痛
•背伸
•掌曲
•Observe and palpate wrist (for lumps, swelling, deformities, and tenderness)
•Extension of wrist (bend backward)
•Flexion of wrist (bend forward)
（3)肘[Elbow]
•触诊鹰嘴和肱骨髁状突
•触诊滑车上淋巴结
•屈肘
•检查上臂肌力
•伸肘
•旋前和旋后
•Palpate olecranon process and epicondyles
•Palpate epitrochlear lymph nodes
•Flexion
•Check for upper arm muscle strength
•Extension
•Pronation and supination (with elbows locked at patient`s side)
