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 十二经脉即手三阴经(肺、心包、心)、手三阳经(大肠、三焦、小肠)、足三阳经(胃、胆、膀肮)、足三阴经(脾、肝、肾)的总称。它们是经络系统的主体，故又称为“正经”。
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The Twelve Regular Meridians include Three Yin Meridians of Hand(Lung，Pericardium and Heart)，Three Yang Meridians of Hand(Large Intestine，Triple Energizer and Small Intestine)，Three Yang Meridians of Foot(Stomach,Gall-bladder and Bladder)，Three Yin Meridians of Foot(Spleen，Liver and Kidney)． They are the major trunks of the system of the meridians，so they are called the Twelve Regular Meridians.
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十二经脉的名称是根据脏腑、手足、阴阳而定的。它们分别隶属于十二脏腑，各经都用其所属脏腑的名称，结合循行于手、足、内、外、前、中、后的不同部位，根据阴阳学说而给予不同名称，如将其中隶属于六腑，循行于四肢的外侧的经脉称为阳经。将其中隶属于五脏，循行于四肢内侧的经脉称为阴经，并根据阴阳衍化的道理分为三阴、三阳，这样就出现了手太阴肺经，手阳明大肠经等十二经脉名称。
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The nomenclature of the Twelve Regular Meridians is based on the three factors:a) hand or foot, b) Yin or Yang,and c) Zang or Fu organ. The Twelve Regular Meridians pertain to the twelve Zang and Fu organs correspondingly, each regular meridian is named after the organ to which it pertains. In consideration of the factors, such as hand or foot, interior or exterior, anterior, middle or posterior aspect of the meridian travels through, and also in accordance with the theory of Yin and Yang, The meridians that pertain to the Fu-organs are Yang meridians which mainly travel along the lateral aspect of the limbs. The meridians that pertain to the Zang-organs are called Yin meridians which are mainly distributed on the medial aspect of the four limbs. Based on the development of Yin and Yang theory, the meridians are divided into three Yin meridians and three Yang meridians.医学全在线www.med126.com
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十二经脉在体表的分布规律：
它们左右对称地分布于头面、躯干和四肢，纵贯全身。六条阴经分布于四肢的内侧和胸腹，其中上肢的内侧是手三阴经，下肢的内侧是足三阴经；六条阳经分布于四肢外侧和头面，躯干，其中上肢的外侧是手三阳经，下肢的外侧是足三阳经。手足三阳经在四肢的排列是阳明在前，少阳在中，太阳在后。手三阴经在上肢的排列是太阴在前，厥阴在中、少阴在后。足三阴经在小腿下部及足背，其排列是厥阴在前，太阴在中、少阴在后，至内踝上八寸处足厥阴与足太阴交叉，而成为太阴在前、厥阴在中，少阴在后。
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Body-Surface Distribution of the Twelve Meridians:
The twelve regular meridians are distributed symmetrically at the left and right sides of the head, trunk and four limbs and go through the whole body. The six Yin meridians are distributed on the medial aspects of the four limbs, the thoracic and abdominal regions. The three Yin meridians of the hands are distributed on the medial aspects of the upper limbs, while the three Yin meridians of the foot on the medial aspects of the lower limbs. The six Yang meridians are mostly distributed on the lateral aspects of four limbs, head and trunk.The three Yang meridians of hand are distributed on the lateral aspects of the upper limbs, while the three Yang meridians of foot on the lateral aspects of the lower limbs. The three Yang meridians of hand and foot are arranged in an order,in which "Large Intestine and Stomach Meridians" are the anterior ones, "Triple Energizer and Gallbladder Meridians" the medium ones, and "Small Intestine and Bladder Meridians" the posterior ones. The three Yin meridians of hand are arranged as follows: "Lung Meridians" are the anterior ones, "Pericardium Meridians" the medium ones, and Heart Meridians" the posterior ones,The three Yin meridians of foot are to the aspects of the lower limbs and instep. They are arranged in an order in which Liver Meridians are the anterior ones, Spleen Meridians are the medium ones,Kidney Meridians are the posterior ones, under the lever 8 cun above the medial malleolus,Liver Meridians and Spleen Meridians are crossed,then,Spleen Meridian is in the anterior aspect,Liver meridian in the mediun aspect,Kidney Meridian in the posterior aspect.
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十二经脉的表里络属关系：
十二经脉，内属于脏腑，脏与腑有表里相合的关系，阴经与阳经有表里络属关系。即手太阴肺经与手阳明大肠经相表里；足阳明胃经与足太阴脾经相表里；手少阴心经与手太阳小肠经相表里；足太阳膀胱经与足少阴肾经相表里；手厥阴心包经与手少阳三焦经相表里；足少阳胆经与足厥阴肝经相表里。互为表里的阴经和阳经在体内有属络关系，即阴经属脏络腑，阳经属腑络脏，如手太阴肺经属肺络大肠，手阳明大肠经属大肠络肺等等；在四肢又通过络脉的衔接加强了表里经之间的联系。这样，在脏腑阴阳经脉之间就形成了六组表里络属关系。互为表里的经脉在生理上密切联系，病变时相互影响，治疗时相互为用。
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The Exterior-Interior and Pertaining Relation of the Twelve Regular Meridians:
The Twelve Regular Meridians pertain to Zang-Fu organs interiorly, there is an exterior-interior and corresponding relation between Zang and Fu organs, an exterior-interior and pertaining relation between Yin meridians and Yang meridians. That is, the Lung Meridian has an exterior and interior relations with the Large Intestine Meridian, the Stomach Meridian with the Spleen Meridian, the Heart Meridian with the Small Intestine Meridian, the Bladder Meridian with the Kidney Meridian, the Pericardium Meridian with the Triple Energizer Meridian, and the Gallbladder Meridian with the Liver Meridian. There is a pertaining and communicative relation between the Yin meridians and Yang meridians connected interiorly-exteriorly in the body. The Yin meridians pertain to the Zang-organs, and communicate with the Fu-organs, while the Yang meridians pertain to the Fu-organs, and communicate with the Zang-organs. For example, the Lung Meridian pertains to the lung and communicates with the large intestine, the Large Intestine Meridian pertains to the large intestine and communicates with the lung. The relation of interior and exterior meridians is reinforced by linking the collaterals in the four limbs. Thus six pairs of the interior-exterior, pertaining and communicative relations are formed among Zang and Fu, Yin and Yang and meridians. There is a close relation physiologically among the interior- exterior meridians. They are inter-affected during the pathological changes and inter-action during treatment.
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十二经脉的循行走向与交接。
循行走向是：手三阴经从胸走手，手三阳经从手走头，足三阳经从头走足，足三阴经从足走腹(胸)。十二经脉的交接：①阴经与阳经多在四肢部衔接。如手太阴肺经在食指与手阳明大肠经交接，足阳明胃经在足大趾与足太阴脾经交接，足太阳膀胱经从足小趾斜趋足心与足少阴肾经交接，足少阳胆经从足跗上斜趋足大趾丛毛处与足厥阴肝经交接。②阳经与阳经(指同名经)在头面部相接。如手阳明大肠经和足阳明胃经都通过于鼻旁，手太阳小肠经与足太阳膀胱经均通于目内眦，手少阳三焦经和足少阳胆经均通于目外眦。⑧阴经与阴经(即手足三阴经)在胸部交接。如足太阴脾经与手少阴心经交接于心中，足少阴肾经与手厥阴心包经交接于胸中，足厥阴肝经与手太阴肺经交接于肺中。
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Courses and Links of the Twelve Meridians:
The Courses of The Twelve Meridians:Three Yin meridians of hand start from the chest to the hands.
Three Yang meridians of hand run from hands to the head. Three Yang meridians of foot run from the head to the feet. Three Yin meridians of foot run from the feet to abdomen and chest.
Links of the Twelve Regular Meridians:
(1) The Yin Meridians link with the Yang meridians mainly in the limbs. For instance, the Lung Meridian links with the Large Intestine Meridian on the tip of the index finger. The Stomach Meridian connects with the Spleen Meridian on the tip of the great toe,the Bladder Meridian reaches the lateral side of the tip of the little toe where it links with the Kidney Meridian. The Gallbladder Meridian runs to the distal portion of the great toe and terminates at its hairy region where it links with the Liver Meridian.
(2)The Yang meridians and Yang meridians (with the same nomenclature) are met on the head. For instance, both the Large Intestine meridian and the Stomach Meridian go to both sides of the nose. Both the Small Intestine Meridian and the Bladder Meridian reach the inner canthus, and both the Triple Energizer Meridian and the Gallbladder Meridian reach the outer canthus.
(3)The Yin meridians and Yin meridians are met in the chest region. For instance, the Spleen Meridian links with the Heart Meridian in the heart, the Kidney Meridian links with the Pericardium Meridian in the chest, and the Liver Meridian links with the Lung Meridian in the lung.
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