|
Site of Fluid Loss |
Mechanism of Loss |
|
Skin |
Thermal or chemical burn, sweating from excessive heat exposure |
|
GI tract |
Vomiting or diarrhea |
|
Kidneys |
Diabetes mellitus or insipidus, adrenal insufficiency, “salt-losing” nephritis, the polyuric phase after acute tubular damage, and use of potent diuretics |
|
Intravascular fluid lost to the extravascular space |
Increased capillary permeability secondary to inflammation or traumatic injury (eg, crush), anoxia, cardiac arrest, sepsis, bowel ischemia, acute pancreatitis |
