第三篇 Political Spins
Last week，US White House spokesman Tony Snow sent journalists digging for their dictionaries．He called recent criticism by the former President Bill Clinton“chutzpah”(大胆放肆)．With just one sentence，Snow managed to make headlines，a joke and a defense of．President George W Bush．Interestingly, this is how battles are fought and won in US politics—with carefully-worded one—liners(一行字幕新闻)made for TV which often lack substance and clarity(清晰度)． “The amount of information that candidates attempt to communicate to people is actually geeing smaller and smaller，”said Mark Smith，a political science professor at Cedarville University．This has been accompanied by a changing media environment，Smith said．In 1 968，the average TV or radio sound bite(演讲中的句子或短语)was 48seconds，according to Smith．In 1996，the average sound bite had shrunk(缩短)to 8 seconds．Thus，politicians wanting publicity try to make their public communication as quotable as possible． Campaigning politicians also use 30-second TV ads and clever campaign slogans(口号)to boost their messages．Republican presidential candidate John McCain rides to campaign stops in a bus named the” Straight-Talk Express"．McCain hopes the name will convince voters he plans to tell people the troth-whether it's in fashion or not．Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Clinton，on the other hand，has chosen the campaign slogan“Let the conversation begin”．She hopes it will help her appear open-minded and friendly． But one-liners，TV ads and campaign slogans all have a single key ingredient：something commonly called political“spin”．Brooks Jackson，a former journalist and the current director of the non—partisan(无党派的)website Fact Check．org，calls spin” just a polite word for deception(欺骗)." "I do believe that very often politicians believe their own spin，"said Jackson．
"Strong partisans suffer from a universal human tendency：They ignore the evidence that would force them into the uncomfortable position of having to change their minds and admit that they were wrong。"
41. Which statement is NOT true of one-liners?
A. They contain a lot of information。
B. They are unclear．
C. They lack substance．
D. They are carefully constructed．
42. What changed from 1968 to 19967
A. Publicity．
B. Information．
C. The average sound bite．
D. Communication．
43. The campaign slogan” Straight-Talk Express” aims at convincing voters that the presidential candidate is
A. friendly．
B. honest．
C. open．minded．
D. warm-headed．
44. According to Brooks Jackson，all campaign slogans are
A. attractive．
B. impressive．
C. informative．
D. deceptive．
45. Which statement best describes strong partisans?
A. They are very funny．
B. They are very healthy．
C. They are very stubborn(顽固的)．
D. They are very aggressive．
第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分) 下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 Bomb Explosions in Thailand
The new year celebration in Thailand was shattered by violence，when nine bombs exploded across Bangkok amend midnight．Three Thai citizens were killed and more than 30 injured．
Among the injured，six were foreigners．No Chinese casualties were Chinese Embassy in Bangkok，the capital，said on Mondav. reported，the _______(46)But other embassies have advised their citizens to avoid traveling to Bangkok．"There is a possibility of further attacks in coming days，"said a travel advisory(公告)from Australia． "Australians are urged to avoid unnecessary travel in Bangkok．” No terrorist group claimed responsibility for the bombings by Tuesday _______(47)Bombings and shootings occur almost daily in Thailand's three，southernmost provinces．Yala，Naarathiwat and Battani have a dominant Muslim population and have long complained of neglect(忽视)and discrimination(歧视)in the largely Buddhist(fo教徒的)nation．They have asked for independence and a separate Islamic(伊斯兰的)state．Since 2004，the insurgents(叛乱者)have carried out numerous attacks in the south and more than 1，900 people have been killed________(48)But Thai P rime Minister Sprayed Chuluota said on Monday that domestic politics rather than the Muslim insurgency was behind the bombings．"It is likely related to people who lost their political benefits，"Sprayed said，referring to Tasking Chinaware．________(49)Sprayed was later appointed interim(临时的)prime minister Tasking，however still enjoys widespread support，especially in the countryside________(50)Tasking' s lawyer, Napped Patina，denied his client's involvement in the bombings，according to a local website. A. Nobody is to blame
B. Some believe the explosions were the work of Muslim separatists
C. Some believe that several senior army officers loyal to Tasking plowed the bombings with ousted(赶下台)politicians to discredit(败坏名声)the government．
D. Tasking was ousted in a military coup(政变)last September
E. The Thai Government has been unable to control the violence，though thousands of troops have been sent to the south．
F. The embassy issued no travel warnings
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