2014年度职称英语卫生类B级真题及答案

第三部分：概括大意和完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)
下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个小标题；（2)第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。
Multiple Sclerosis（多发性硬化症)
1    Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a disease in which the patient's immune（免疫的)system attacks the central nervous system. This can lead to numerous physical and mental symptoms, as the disease affects the transmission of electrical signals between the body and the brain. However, the human body, being a flexible, adaptable system, can compensate for some level of damage, so a person with MS can look and feel fine even though the disease is present.
2    MS patients can have one of two main varieties of the disease: the relapsing form （复发型)and the primary progressive form. In the relapsing form, the disease progresses in a series of jumps; at times it is in remission（减轻).which means that a person's normal functions return for a period of time before the system goes into relapse and the disease again becomes more active. This is the most common form of MS; 80-90% of people have this form of the disease when they are first diagnosed. The relapse-remission cycle can continue for many years. Eventually, however, Ioss of physical and cognitive functions starts to take place and the remissions become less frequent.
3    In the primary progressive form of MS, there are no remissions and a continual but steady loss of physical and cognitive functions takes place. This condition affects about 10-15% of sufferers at diagnosis.
4    The expected course of the disease, or prognosis（预后),depends on many variables: the subtype of the disease, the patient's individual characteristics and the initial symptoms. Life expectancy of patients, however, is often nearly the same as that of an医学 全在.线提供www.lindalemus.com unaffected person - provided that a reasonable standard of care is received. In some cases a near-normal life span is possible.
5    The cause of the disease is unclear; it seems that some people have a genetic Susceptibility（易感性),which is triggered by some unknown environmental factor. Onset（发作)of the disease usually occurs in young adults between the ages of 20 and 40.It is more common in women than men; however, it has also been diagnosed in young children and in elderly people.
23. Paragraph 1___E___
24.  Paragraph 2 __B____
25. Paragraph 3___D___
26. Paragraph 4____F__
A. The cause of MS
B. The relapsing form of MS
C. The treatment for MS
D. The primary progressive form of MS
E. The definition of MS
F. The development of MS

27. MS affects the communication of nerve cells between the body and ___E___
28. An MS patient can feel fine for years without being affected much by ___A___
29. 10-15% of MS patients are diagnosed as having ___C___
30. Young adults might have a higher chance of developing the disease than ___B___
A. relatives of MS patients
B. the elderly people
C. the disease
D. the progressive form
E. the brain
F. life expectancy
第四部分：阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。
第一篇                              
Gross National Happiness
In the last century, new technology improved the lives of many people in many countries. However， one country resisted these changes. High in the Himalayan mountains of Asia， the kingdom of Bhutan remained separate. Its people and Buddhist（fo教)culture had not been affected for almost a thousand years. Bhutan, however, was a poor country. People died at a young age. Most of its people could not read, and they did not know much about the outside world. Then, in 1972, a new ruler named King Jigme Singye Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan to become modern, but without losing its traditions.
King Wangchuck looked at other countries for ideas. He saw that most countries measured their progress by their Gross Natonal Product（GNP). The GNP measures products and money. When the number of products sold increases people say the country is making progress. King Wangchuck had a different idea for Bhutan. He wanted to measure his country’s progress by people’s happiness. If the people’s happiness increased， the king could say that Bhutan was making progress.医.学全.在.线网站www.lindalemus.com To decide if people were happier， he created a measure called Gross National Happiness（GNH).
GNH is based on certain principles that create happiness. People are happier if they have health care, education, and jobs. They are happier when they live in a healthy, protected environment. They are happier when they can keep their traditional culture and customs. Finally, people are happier when they have a good, stable government.
Now these is some evidence of increased GNH in Bhutan. People are healthier and are living longer. More people are educated and employed. Teenty-five percent of the land has become national parks, and the country has almost no pollution. The Bhutanese continue to wear their traditional clothing and follow their ancient Buddhist customs. Bhutan has also become a democracy. In 2008, King Wangchuck gave his power to his son. Although the country still had a king, it held its first democratic elections that year. Bhutan had political parties and political candidates for the first time. Finally, Bhutan has connected to the rest of the world through television and internet.
Bhutan is a symbol for social progress. Many countries are now interested in Bhutan’s GNH. These countries are investigating their own ways to measure happiness. They want to create new policies that take care of their people, cultures, and land.
Brazil may be the nest country to use the principles of GNH. Brazilian leaders see the principles of GNH as a source of inspiration. Brazil is a large country with a diverse population. If happiness works as a measure of progress in Brazil, perhaps the rest of the world will follow.
31. Who was Jigme Singye Wangchuck?
A. A president.
B. A buddist preist.
C. A general.
D. A king.
32. Apart from moderizing Bhutan, what else did Wangchuck want to do for Bhutan?
A. To make its populaton grow.
B. To keep it separate from the world.
C. To encourage its people to get rich.
D. To keep its tradition and customs.
33. A country shows its progress with GNP by
A. selling more products.
B. spending more money.
C. spending less money.
D. providing more jobs.
34. Accordingwww.med126.com to GNH, people are happier if they
A. have new tecnology.
B. can change their religion.
C. have a good, stable government.
D. have more money.
35. Today, many countries are
A. using the principles of GNH to measure their progress.
B. woking together to develop a common scale to measure GNH.
C. taking both Bhutan and Brazil as symbols for social progress.
D. trying to find their own ways to measure happiness.
【答案】：DDACD

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