2015职称英语考试复习资料之形容词:
定义:形容词是用来修饰名词的词,描述名词的性质、外观、特点等。
功能:形容词可以做定语、表语或补助语。
分类:主要分为两类:描绘性形容词和限定性形容词。
● 描绘性形容词主要用来描绘大、小、新旧、颜色、质量等。
● 限定性形容词主要用来限定所修饰词的数量、距离及范围所属等。
1.当形容词修饰单数可数名词时,必须与冠词连用:
a lovely girl,the naughty boy.
2.形容词可与系动词连用,做表语,说明主语的性状。常用系动词有:be,become,seem,appear,feel,look,taste,smell,sound,remain,go,turn,keep,stay,etc.
The dish tastes delicious.
The music sounds sweet.
The milk went bad.
小心陷阱 feel,smell,taste,look,keep有时可以用作实义动词,并可以用副词修饰。
He looked me up and down carefully.
I tasted the soup slowly to see whether it was salty.
3.形容词用作后置定语。(简单理解:一般的形容词修饰名词时放在名词前面,但有些形容词修饰名词时放在名词的后面)
a river navigable(一条可通航的河)
sight visible可见的景象
person responsible(负责人)注意:responsible person(有责任心的人)
the best way possible(尽可能好的办法)
the number necessary(必要的数量)
the people present(在场的人)
4.只能作表语的形容词
1.某些表示健康状况的形容词。
well(身体好的),ill(病的),faint(虚弱的),poorly(身体不好的)
示例:His mother has been ill for a long time.
特别注意:sick是个特例。它既可做表语,又可做定语。
He is sick for a couple of days.(他病两三天了)
He is a sick person.(他是个病人。)
2.某些以 a-开头的形容词。
如:afraid(害怕的),alone(独自的),alive(活着的),asleep(睡着的),awake(醒 着的),aware(意识到的)
The old man is alone in the house.(老人一个人在家。)
The teacher is alive with enthusiasm.(这位老师热情洋溢。)
He is asleep in his mother's arms.(他在母亲的怀抱中睡着了。)
I have been aware of the difficulty.(我已经意识到了困难。)